Alembic is focused on efficiently storing the computed results of complex procedural geometric constructions. It is very specifically NOT concerned with storing the complex dependency graph of procedural tools used to create the computed results. For example, Alembic will efficiently store the animated vertex positions and animated transforms that result from an arbitrarily complex animation and simulation process which could involve enveloping, corrective shapes, volume-preserving simulations, cloth and flesh simulations, and so on. Alembic will not attempt to store a representation of the network of computations (rigs, basically) which are required to produce the final, animated vertex positions and animated transforms.

The production ready version of Alembic 1.0 was announced at Siggraph 2011 and released on August 9th, 2011 by Lucasfilm and Sony Pictures Imageworks with support from major vendors including Autodesk, Side Effects Software, The Foundry, Luxology, Pixar’s Renderman and NVidia.

Home Page: http://alembic.io/
Project Page: http://code.google.com/p/alembic/
Language: C++, Python
Platform: Linux, OSX, Windows
License: New BSD License
Sponsor: Sony Pictures Imageworks, Lucasfilm

Home Page: http://www.disneyanimation.com/technology/partio.html
Project Page: https://github.com/wdas/partio
Language: C++ Python
Platform: Linux, OSX, Windows
License: New BSD
Sponsor: Walt Disney Animation Studios

At the moment this project features the following shaders:

• Jupiter SGI Skin

Jupiter Spherical Gradient Illumination Skin is a 3Delight RenderMan shader that reads scanned RGB world space normal maps for 3 different wavelengths (red, green, blue), and a fourth normal map to be used in the specular term.

This technique, presented at:

http://gl.ict.usc.edu/Research/FaceScanning/

allows the user to re-create the appear of the subtle subsurface effects of skin, together with self-shadowing and inter-reflections.

Once the texture are acquired:

• The three normal maps for the Lambertian diffuse term contain increasing detail as the light wavelength decreases.
• The normal map for the blue wavelength contains more detail than the normal map for the green wavelength, which in turn contains more detail than the red wavelength map.
• The specular normal map is used to drive the specular contribution (and the reflections), with the specular term being comprised of two specular lobes based on the Torrance-Sparrow model.

The user has the possibility of selecting between two microfacet distribution functions used:

• the Beckmann microfacet distribution, as suggested in the publication by Robert L. Cook and Kenneth E. Torrance, “A reflectance model for computer graphics”

• a Gaussian distribution, which is cheaper to compute and produces slightly softer results.

The weight of each of the specular lobe’s contribution can also be controlled directly by the user, or it can be made automatically via the extracted data in the specular intensity image.

Notice also that this shader provides optionally a full two pass (point cloud based)subsurface term as well for greater flexibility.

This work has been sponsored by Srinivas M. Mohan (Indian Artists Computer Graphics Pvt. Ltd.) for the movie *Endhiran*, and it is based on:

• “Rapid Acquisition of Specular and Diffuse Normal Maps from Polarized Spherical Gradient Illumination”.
 By Wan Chun Ma, Tim Hawkins, Pieter Peers, Charles-Felix Chabert, Malte Weiss, Paul Debevec. 
University of Southern California Institute for Creative Technologies.
 Eurographics Symposium on Rendering 2007.
• “Estimating Specular Roughness and Anisotropy from Second Order Spherical Gradient Illumination”.
 By Abhijeet Ghosh , Tongbo Chen, Pieters Peers, Cyrus A. Wilson, Paul Debevec.
 University of Southern California Institute for Creative Technologies.
 Eurographics Symposium on Rendering 2009.

Project Page: http://code.google.com/p/jupiterskin/
Language: Renderman Shading Language
Platform: Linux, OSX, Windows
License: New BSD License
Sponsor: Jupiter Jazz

This is a C++ library that allows caching files in remote (network) locations onto the local client to speed up future accesses to these files. This reduces network traffic, but also, more importantly disk access, on the server. Modern network infrastructures are rarely the problem, but a server’s disks often don’t cope well when hundreds of clients read large files, often repeatedly, by querying small pieces of data, all at the same time.

It comes with a SWIG interface to be easily accessible through scripting languages (e.g Python) without the need to use a C++ compiler.

RSL shadeop implementation, modeled after the automatic network cache in DNA research’s 3Delight. It allows caching files like textures, point clouds or other heavy data, on a render farm client, automatically, by simply specifying the cache location with an environment variable, or in the RIB (with an option). In your shaders you can use the cacheFile() shadeop. It should work with any renderer that has an RSL shadeop API but was tested & used in production with Pixar’s PhotoRealistic RenderMan.

Project Page: http://code.google.com/p/jupiterfilecache
Language: C++ Python
Platform: Linux, OS X, Windows
License: Creative Commons 3.0 BY-SA
Sponsor: Jupiter Jazz

Features of the rmanPtc SOP include:

• Independent control for limiting the number of points loaded and displayed.
• Geometry output for all point attributes in the cloud.
• OpenGL display preview for attributes as point or disk primitives.
• Ability to cull points based on a reference bounding box.

Home Page: http://danbethell.github.com/rmanptcsop/
Language: C++
Platform: Linux, Windows, OS X
License: New BSD License

The Aqsis tools provide a comprehensive list of features that are considered necessary for production use, the following list details some of the important high level capabilities.

• Programmable Shading
• High Level Primitive Support
• Sub-Pixel Displacement
• Motion Blur (MB)
• Depth of Field (DoF)
• Shadow Mapped Ambient Occlusion
• Arbitrary Output Variables (AOV)
• Subdivision Surfaces (SDS)
• High quality texture mapping
• Level of Detail (LOD)
• High Dynamic Range (HDR) Output
• Extensible through plugins (DSO/Procedurals)

Home Page: http://www.aqsis.org/
Project Page: http://sourceforge.net/projects/aqsis/
Language: C++
Platform: Linux, Windows, OS X
License: GNU General Public License (GPL)

Home Page: http://danbethell.github.com/rmanconnect/
Project Page: http://github.com/danbethell/rmanconnect
License: New BSD

Features :

• Object instancing / delayed primitives
• Displacements
• Programmable shading (using RenderMan Shading Language)
• High quality texture/shadow/environment mapping
• High dynamic range input/output
• Scalable, multi-resolution raytracing using ray
  • Pixie now has a new raytracing engine that automatically tesselates surfaces on the fly to a desired accuracy determined using the ray differentials. This means rays tracing blurry reflections or computing global illumination are faster to trace and sharp reflections and shadows are more accurate. Pixie also contains a memory manager that keeps the memory that is used to keep these tesselations around under control. Similar to texture caching, Pixie will maintain a set of active surfaces and only those surfaces will consume raytracing memory.
• Motion blur
• Depth of field
• Level of detail (LOD)
• Reyes style rendering (very fast)
• Occlusion culling
• Network parallel rendering
• DSO shaders
• Global illumination
  • Pixie supports global illumination thru photon mapping and irradiance caching — The same machinery described in the latest RenderMan interface.
• Automatically raytraced smooth reflections / shadows
• Caching/baking computation with LOD (bake3d / texture3d)
  • Using this functionality, you can save any value you compute in a shader to a file that you can later re-use. This allows you to perform expensive shading computations at a lower resolution and re-use these computations in the beauty passes. This functionality will also enable exporting shading data from Pixie into your own applications.
• Scalable, multi-threaded rendering
  • Pixie rendering core has been first completely reorganized/optimized and then multi-threaded. We are very proud of this change. You will see significant speed improvements over the Pixie v1.
• Arbirtaty output values
  • Pixie can save arbitrary variables (built in ones such as N, P as well as arbitrary, user defined variables) just like rgb values into images. Using this machinery, you can generate multiple outputs from a single pass and combine them as a post process.
• 64 bit compatibility
• Inline archives
• Conditional execution
• Named resources

Home Page: http://www.renderpixie.com/
Project Page: http://sourceforge.net/projects/pixie/
Language: C, C++
Platform: Linux, Windows, OS X, all POSIX OSes
License: LGPL

Currently, the entire kit consists of the following parts:

• The Python package cgkit that extends Python with 3D-related functionality.
• The Maya plugin sourcepy that integrates the Python interpreter into Maya, and the accompanying Python package maya that makes Maya functionality available in Python.
• A collection of small stand-alone utilities written in Python, MEL or MaxScript.

cgkit features:

• New 3D data types such as vec3, vec4, mat3, mat4 and quat
• Contains a Python binding of Pixar’s RenderMan API
• Provides access to specialized input hardware such as SpaceMouse/SpaceBall, data glove or tablet via wrappers around the 3DxWare 3Dconnexion, the Wintab Developer Kit by LCS/Telegraphics and the Data Glove SDK by Fifth Dimension Technologies.
• Additional 3D utility functions such as various noises or the functions found in the RenderMan Shading Language
• Parse RenderMan shader source files to extract shader parameters
• 3D data can be stored and manipulated in memory
• Imports 3DS, VRML, X3D, OBJ, OFF, IFS, STL, PLY, MA, ASF/AMC, BVH (using the following libraries: lib3ds, CyberX3D, RPly)
• Exports RIB (shaders are generated on-the-fly), OBJ, OFF, PLY
• Turns Python into a scene description language which can define scenes that can then be rendered with RenderMan or OpenGL.
• Interactive OpenGL viewer tool
• OpenGL stereo output (vertical split or quad buffer)
• Offline render tool that feeds a RenderMan renderer, can also be used to bake texture maps
• Connect arbitrary attributes of the same type to create animations
• Rigid body dynamics via the Open Dynamics Engine
• Extensible via regular modules or plugins

Python/Maya features:

• Integrates the Python interpreter into Maya by providing two new MEL commands py and pySource that can execute Python source code.
• Provides dynamic Python wrappers around all MEL commands found in Maya.
• Provides new convenience classes for creating GUIs
• Exposes the Maya C++ SDK to Python
• Allows writing plug-ins in Python

Home Page: http://cgkit.sourceforge.net/
Project Page: http://sourceforge.net/projects/cgkit/
Language: C++, Python
Platform: Linux, Windows, OS X
License: GPL, LGPL, MPL1.1

Project Page: http://sourceforge.net/projects/affogato/
Language: c++
Platform: Linux, Windows
License: LGPL
Sponsor: Rising Sun Pictures

Project Page: http://sourceforge.net/projects/liquidmaya/
Language: C++, MEL
Platform: Linux, Windows, OS X
License: Mozilla Public License
Sponsor: Weta

Home Page: http://dneg.github.com/dnPtcViewerNode/
Project Page: http://github.com/dneg/dnPtcViewerNode
Language: C++, MEL
Platform: Linux OSX Windows
License: BSD v3
Sponsor: Double Negative

Originally the brainchild of Andrew Chapman, the Cortex project is now being developed around the IECore library developed in house at Image Engine and subsequently released as open source. Initially, Image Engine are providing the core library and Python bindings, along with their RenderMan, Maya, OpenGL, and Nuke support libraries.

It is hoped that the Cortex project will attract contributions from the wider visual effects community, and grow to provide a rich set of functionality and support for further 3rd party applications.

Home Page: http://opensource.image-engine.com/
Project Page: http://code.google.com/p/cortex-vfx
Language: C++, Python
Platform: Linux, Windows, OS X
License: New BSD License
Sponsor: Image Engine